On your first server, replace the contents of the file with this: sudo nano /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html.To do this, we will change the default index.html page on each of our hosts. However, for the sake of clarity, in this guide we will use Nginx to indicate which of the two servers is serving our requests at any given time. In most cases, for a highly available setup, you would want both servers to serve exactly the same content.
Start off by updating the local package index on each of your servers. While keepalived is often used to monitor and failover load balancers, in order to reduce our operational complexity, we will be using Nginx as a simple web server in this guide.
When you are ready to get started, log into both of your servers with your non-root user. You can follow our Ubuntu 14.04 initial server setup guide to learn how to set up these users. On each of these servers, you will need a non-root user configured with sudo access. Both servers must be located within the same datacenter and should have private networking enabled. In order to complete this guide, you will need to create two Ubuntu 14.04 servers on your DigitalOcean account. If the primary server goes down, the Reserved IP will be moved to the second server automatically, allowing service to resume. We will configure a Reserved IP address that can be moved between two capable web servers. In this guide, we will demonstrate how to use keepalived to set up a highly available web service. The keepalived daemon can be used to monitor services or systems and to automatically failover to a standby if problems occur. There must be a component that can redirect the work and there must be a mechanism to monitor for failure and transition the system if an interruption is detected. In terms of servers, there are a few different technologies needed to set up a highly available system.
High availability is a function of system design that allows an application to automatically restart or reroute work to another capable system in the event of a failure.
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